Similar words
fiebre
fiebre is the standard, everyday word for "fever"; calentura is more colloquial or regional, and in some dialects can also refer to a cold sore.
Similar in other languages
French
fièvre
fièvre is the French word for the same thing — both mean "fever."
Portuguese
febre
febre is the Portuguese word for the same thing — both mean "fever."
Practice
1 What does calentura mean?
fever
2 Fill the gap: Tiene algo de ___.
Full sentence: Tiene algo de calentura. (He has a slight fever.)
3 Which fingerprint chart matches calentura?
calentura: neutral register, common frequency, general domain, neutral connotation.